In the United States, over 3 million men who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer are still alive today, thanks in part to the health, fundraising, and educational activities of Prostate Cancer Awareness Month. 

What and When is Prostate Cancer Awareness Month?

In 1989, Dr. David E. Crawford reached out to several organizations and individuals to form the Prostate  Cancer Education Council with the aim of spreading awareness about the disease in order to increase early detection rates. That same year, the Council launched Prostate Cancer Awareness Week in the third week of September. 

Ten years later, the Urology Care Foundation designated the entire month of September Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, and in 2015 President Obama proclaimed National Prostate Cancer Awareness Month.

 Throughout the month, organizations across the country participate in charitable activities, educational events, and health screenings in order to:

• Educate men and their loved ones about the risks, signs, and symptoms of prostate cancer
• Provide life-saving prostate health screenings to increase early detection rates
• Offer fundraising activities to help organizations that support prostate cancer patients and families
• Campaign for research and public policies that help better manage and treat the condition

Prostate Cancer Awareness Month begins September 1st, and a light blue ribbon is worn to represent support. The Prostate Cancer Foundation provides activity ideas if you’d like to get involved.

What is Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer is a condition in which normal prostate cells become abnormal, and grow out of control. It affects the prostate gland, which is a gland located in the male groin that’s similar in size to a golf ball. 

When healthy, the prostate gland uses hormones called ‘androgens’ (such as testosterone) to regulate normal reproduction and male sexual characteristics. 

However, when cancer cells reproduce in the prostate gland, they use these androgens as their energy source in order to grow out of control and stop the healthy prostate cells from working properly. 

Each year approximately 248,000 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer, and those 55 and older are at increased risk. For non-Hispanic African American men and those with a family history of the disease, the risk may increase beginning as early as 40 years old.

It’s recommended to talk to your doctor or healthcare provider about yearly prostate health screenings once you reach the age of increased risk. This helps cut down on the chances of prostate cancer spreading, or metastasizing, to the tissues and organs surrounding the prostate gland and increases your chances of successful treatment.

What Causes Prostate Cancer?

The exact cause of prostate cancer is still unknown. Risk factors for the condition include:

• A family history of the disease
• African American ancestry
• Advancing age, especially men aged 50 and older
• A high-fat diet
• Vasectomy surgery
• Toxic chemical exposure

Inherited Gene Mutations

Research indicates that certain inherited gene mutations can change prostate cells from normal-functioning to cancerous. These are mutations that are handed down from family members. For example, ‘tumor suppressor genes’ help repair DNA mutations, regulate cell growth, and properly trigger cell death. Likewise, genes known as ‘oncogenes’ ensure healthy cell division, growth, and lifecycles. It’s estimated that about 10% of prostate cancer is due to mutations in these tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. This means that these genes’ normal healthy repair and regulation functions stop working, making it easier for prostate cancer cells to thrive.  

Acquired Gene Mutations

Acquired gene mutations are another underlying cause of prostate cancer. These are gene mutations that happen during men’s lifetimes, and they can lead to DNA cell replication errors that cause out-of-control growth of cancer cells. While it’s not always known why acquired gene mutations occur, they have been linked to certain lifestyle factors such as poor diet and a sedentary lifestyle. Naturally high levels of androgens may be another risk factor, and research is ongoing to determine the exact reasons these gene mutations occur.

Prostate Cancer and Incontinence

Does prostate cancer cause incontinence?

Prostate cancer may increase your risk of developing incontinence. There are actually a few reasons why prostate cancer and incontinence may occur:

• An enlarged prostate gland: This can occur due to tumor growth or inflammation. The gland’s enlarged size puts pressure on the urethra. 
• Post-surgical incontinence: Prostate surgery may weaken the muscles that control urine flow.  

When there’s pressure on the urethra, it narrows and this can lead to stress incontinence.  This happens when you cough, sneeze, or exert yourself physically.  The other type of incontinence is known as urge incontinence, and it’s an involuntary contraction of the bladder muscles. Both of these are types of urinary incontinence.

Prostate cancer incontinence can also occur due to radiotherapy therapy treatment or surgery that causes an injury or weakness in the rectal muscle layer.  This is known as fecal incontinence.

Advanced prostate cancer that spreads to the spine and forms tumors that damage the nerves controlling the bowels and bladder is a much less common cause of urinary and fecal incontinence.  

To find out if you might be experiencing prostate cancer incontinence, take our Urinary Incontinence Self-Assessment and Fecal Incontinence Self-Assessment.

How to Treat Prostate Cancer Incontinence

Incontinence related to prostate cancer may last just a few days or weeks, or it might be ongoing for several months or longer. Here are several treatment options available to help you better manage your symptoms, heal after treatment, and regain more control over your life.

• Behavioral: Changing certain lifestyle habits can help you better manage prostate cancer incontinence. This would include keeping a regular urination schedule and monitoring when and how often you drink liquids. Certain dietary modifications can be helpful as well, especially for fecal (bowel) incontinence.
• Medical: Urethral sling implants can be surgically inserted around the urethra and connected to the urinary wall to help with urine retention, especially for those dealing with stress incontinence. Hemorrhoid banding is used to block off blood supply to internal or sometimes external hemorrhoids that form as a consequence of fecal (bowel) incontinence. Artificial urinary sphincter pumps can be implanted under your stomach muscles to allow you to control when you release your urine manually. In addition, Botox® Treatment may be used for reducing overstimulation of the nerves connected to your bladder.
• Exercises: Pelvic floor exercises like Kegels help strengthen your muscles so you gain control of your bladder and bowel.  Working with a physical therapist who utilizes biofeedback helps pinpoint the areas that need work so a personalized training plan can be set up for you.
• Medications: There are several medications your doctor can prescribe to help with your symptoms, depending on the underlying cause of your incontinence. They include alpha-blockers, mirabegron, anticholinergics, Metamucil, and medications to help alleviate diarrhea. These typically will be in the form of a pill, liquid, or powder supplement, or sometimes a patch or cream.
• Sacral Nerve Stimulation: This is a type of therapy that delivers tiny electrical impulses in order to regulate sacral nerve activity, which helps the nerves interpret brain signals properly in order to control bladder and bowel functioning. To send these electrical impulses, a device is implanted under the skin in the pelvic region above the buttocks. The types of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) devices include:
  • InterStim: The InterStim II doesn’t need recharging and should be replaced every 5 years, while the InterStim Micro device needs to be recharged once a week for 20 minutes, and replaced every 15 years.
  • Axonics: This is the wireless version of an SNS therapy device. It requires recharging once a month for about an hour and is replaced every 15 years. 

Contact us today at the Incontinence Institute to connect with a doctor in the network who will work with you to diagnose and treat your prostate cancer-related incontinence symptoms.

Surgical removal of the gallbladder is a highly effective treatment for gallstones, offered in two main forms: open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

In the traditional open approach, patients usually stay in the hospital for two to three days. The surgeon makes a large six-inch incision in the abdomen to access and remove the gallbladder. Sometimes drainage tubes may be inserted to help remove fluids, and are typically removed after a few days.

The laparoscopic procedure, however, is less invasive. The surgeon creates four small incisions in the abdomen and uses a small video camera (laparoscope) to guide the removal of the gallbladder. This is typically done as an outpatient procedure, but proper postoperative care and lifestyle adjustments are vital for a speedy recovery and a smooth return to daily life. 

Eating and Dieting After Gallbladder Surgery

The gallbladder has a vital role in digestion by storing, concentrating, and releasing bile, a liquid produced by the liver that aids in breaking down fatty foods.

When gallbladder surgery is needed, its absence doesn’t disrupt digestion much. Instead of being stored, bile goes directly from the liver to the small intestine. However, as your body gets used to this change, you might struggle with digesting certain foods in the first few weeks after the surgery.

During your home recovery, start by slowly reintroducing foods through dietary modification. Begin with clear liquids and soft foods to ease your digestive system back into action. You can gradually add low-fat and easy-to-digest foods to your diet as you feel better. If you experience bloating, diarrhea, or gas, you should temporarily avoid some foods. Opt for smaller, more nutritious meals like lean proteins, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables while skipping high-fat, fried, and spicy foods. For most people, getting back to a regular diet takes about a month after gallbladder surgery.

Stomach Changes After Gallbladder Surgery

It’s quite common to experience mild swelling and bloating after gallbladder surgery. Surgical gas is introduced into the stomach cavity during the surgical procedure to create sufficient room for the surgeon to work. Despite efforts to eliminate most of this gas after the surgery, some remain in the body. As a result, you might feel discomfort and bloating in your stomach.

This initial swelling following gallbladder surgery is perfectly normal. Although this effect is unavoidable, it’s temporary and manageable, and in most cases, the swelling should subside within a few weeks after the surgery.

Signs of Complications After Gallbladder Surgery

Apart from the expected digestive effects, gallbladder removal carries a small risk of complications. These include: 

• Bile leakage
• Bile duct injury
• Injury to surrounding structures
• Postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS)
• Bleeding (Hemorrhage)

Some people might experience ongoing symptoms like persistent fever, increasing pain, abdominal swelling, jaundice, nausea, and vomiting. These symptoms tend to be mild, but if they persist, consult your doctor for possible treatments, including removing any remaining gallstones through surgery or using medication to ease the symptoms.

How to Sleep After Gallbladder Surgery

Sleeping after gallbladder surgery might be a challenge due to the diminishing effect of pain medication over time. Here are some positioning tips for comfortable sleep:

• Consider sleeping on your left side or back to reduce the pain.
• Use pillows to provide extra support for your abdomen.
• Sleep on your back with an elevated upper body
• Gradually transition back to preferred sleep positions over a few weeks
• Take pain medication.
• Avoid heavy meals before bedtime.
• Try aromatherapy or other relaxation techniques at bedtime.
• Avoid distractions while in bed.

How Long After Gallbladder Surgery Can I Have Sex?

As soon as you feel physically ready, you can engage in sex, being cautious not to put pressure on your healing wounds until they’re fully healed. Typically, doctors advise waiting about one to two weeks before having sex, depending on your specific situation.

If you continue to feel any discomfort, it’s a signal that you might need more time to rest before attempting intercourse. Always prioritize your comfort and listen to your body during your recovery journey.

Resuming Activities After Gallbladder Surgery

• Rest is essential during your recovery. Listen to your body and rest whenever you feel tired. 
• Incorporate daily walks into your routine, gradually increasing the distance each day. Walking is beneficial in preventing blood clots in your legs and minimizing the risk of pneumonia.
• Avoid strenuous activities like biking, jogging, weightlifting, and aerobic exercises until your doctor gives you the green light.

Most people can return to their regular lives after gallbladder removal. Successful adjustment often involves adopting coping strategies like lifestyle changes and managing fat intake for a smoother transition post-surgery. Although, some patients may experience fecal incontinence after gallbladder surgery.

Trusted, Confidential Incontinence Treatment in Middle Tennessee

If you have questions about stress incontinence treatment or other options, don’t hesitate to contact our team. A medical concierge is standing by to answer your questions and offer solutions befitting your needs. Want to learn more about treating incontinence? Visit our treatment options page.

Adult bed-wetting is a medical condition that can cause discomfort and embarrassment. Dealing with the effects of adult bed-wetting can disrupt sleep patterns and can diminish an individual’s quality of life.

Individuals who suffer from adult bed-wetting, whether it is new to you or something you have endured for some time, can find help. It is important to understand the underlying cause, which can lead to an appropriate solution.

Overview of Adult Bed-Wetting

Adult bed-wetting, also called “nocturnal enuresis,” or nighttime incontinence, is a medical condition where an adult begins to release urine while asleep. While childhood bed-wetting occurs frequently and can have no serious underlying cause, adult bed-wetting is considered uncommon. Adult bed-wetting is also distinct from nocturia, which is simply when a person gets up on a regular basis at night to go to the bathroom.

Given the rarity of the condition, many patients feel that their adult bed-wetting is isolating and embarrassing. This stigma can make it difficult for patients to seek medical care, as they may assume that there are no effective treatments available.

If you find yourself among the 1%-2% of people who suffer from adult bed-wetting, you do not need to feel hopeless. You can take charge of your health, and find answers and treatments that work for you.

What Causes Bed-Wetting in Adults?

Adult bed-wetting often has treatable causes. You can talk to your doctor about possibilities, such as personal medical conditions. 

1. Medical Conditions

Some underlying medical conditions can affect the bladder and urinary system so bed-wetting occurs in an adult. These include, but may not be limited to the following:

• Diabetes 
• Urinary tract infection
• Neurological disorders
• Stress and emotional factors

Emotional distress or underlying stress can present in adults as bed-wetting.

2. Medication Side Effects

Some medications can relax the muscles that encourage the bladder to hold urine until the morning, causing bed-wetting.

3. Alcohol and Caffeine Consumption

Both alcohol and caffeine, especially around bedtime, can stimulate the bladder and lead to bed-wetting. Limiting the amount consumed before bedtime may help improve your condition. 

4. Sleep Disorders

Sleep apnea, a common sleep disorder, may lead to bed-wetting. If you suffer from sleep apnea, talk to your doctor about how it may be causing your nighttime incontinence.

Home Remedies for Bed-Wetting in Adults

Sometimes, lifestyle modifications can manage the effects of bed-wetting in adults. These might include:

1. Monitoring Fluid Intake

While dehydration should be avoided, monitoring fluid intake, especially before bedtime, can make bed-wetting more unlikely.

2. Pelvic Floor Exercises

Some patients find relief from their adult bed-wetting by strengthening the pelvic muscles that control urine flow.

• Limiting caffeine and alcohol consumption
• Establishing a regular bathroom routine
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques

Treatments for Bed-Wetting in Adults

If home remedies do not relieve your symptoms, consult with a healthcare provider. Your doctor can help you decide on a path forward to treat bed-wetting, which may include:

1. Behavioral interventions

Behavioral interventions can help manage bed-wetting and disrupt the pattern, so you feel more comfortable. Your doctor may recommend a system of:

• Bed-wetting alarms to wake the individual at the first sign of moisture
• Bladder training techniques

2. A Review of Your Medications

Your doctor may review your medications and see if any could be adjusted to relieve the extra pressure on your urinary system and end bed-wetting.

3. Medical Procedures

Some interventions like Botox injections or nerve stimulation for refractory cases may offer specific patients relief.

 Support and Coping Strategies

How can you cope with the emotional impact of adult bed-wetting? These tips may help:

• Seek counseling or support groups.
• Maintain your self-esteem through positive self-talk.
• Openly communicate with partners or roommates about the steps you are taking to manage your medical condition.
• Use protective bedding and take other practical measures to relieve the discomfort of adult bed-wetting.

Seeking Treatment for Nighttime Incontinence in Middle Tennessee

Adult bed-wetting is a medical condition that can be managed through home remedies and with the help of an experienced healthcare provider. If you have suffered from an onset of adult bed-wetting, work with your doctor to explore various options and find the approach that is best suited to your individual situation. The Incontinence Institute can help you partner with a provider who can guide you through the potential causes of adult bed-wetting. Together, we can find a treatment plan that works for you. Contact our team today!

According to the Cleveland Clinic, functional incontinence affects over 30 million people in the United States. People living with functional incontinence often have underlying medical conditions, or physical obstacles, that stop them from reaching the bathroom in time. Many rarely recover from the conditions that contribute to functional incontinence and bear long-term consequences, carrying with them the burden of embarrassment and shame. In some cases, patients also report feelings of depression and anxiety.

Understanding Functional Incontinence 

Functional urinary incontinence occurs when a person recognizes the need to urinate but is unable to access a restroom due to a separate medical or environmental issue. This condition makes the patient lose control over their bladder or fail to recognize the need to pee. Most people who are commonly affected by the condition have other underlying conditions, such as:

• Cognitive disorders such as delirium, dementia, and intellectual disabilities
• Neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis
• Musculoskeletal disorders such as arthritis
• Irritation on vaginal tissues
• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Medications such as sleeping pills, diuretics

Functional limitations differ from other forms of incontinence since functional incontinence affects people with a functioning urinary system. 

The Social Stigma Surrounding Incontinence 

We all know a trip to the restroom is a private endeavor, yet incontinence interrupts this norm. Those living with incontinence are no stranger to the embarrassment that accompany the stigma of accidents or frequent trips to the restroom.

The stigma surrounding incontinence not only causes stress but also creates a stronger desire for privacy, which can delay seeking proper treatment. Those affected often change their regular routines, leading to feelings of isolation and withdrawal. The fear of being seen as weak or dependent by others also weighs heavily on their minds. Overcoming these misconceptions and seeking support can lead to a more fulfilling and confident life.

Mental Health Challenges in Functional Incontinence 

Without proper management, people with incontinence associate themselves with shame, social isolation, rejection, and insecurity about their body image. The first step in responding to functional incontinence is to accept and understand the problem. We advise you to seek help from people you trust, such as close friends and family. Support groups also play a significant role in responding positively to the situation since you may interact with professionals who understand how to handle situations or people with similar experiences.

Break the Silence: Talking About Incontinence

Incontinence is often kept under wraps until it becomes too difficult to hide. However, breaking the silence is essential, particularly in the context of caregiving. Through education and open discussions about functional incontinence, we can reduce the shame and stigma surrounding this condition. By fostering awareness, we empower everyone to develop effective coping strategies when living with or caring for someone affected by incontinence. 

Exercising Proper Self-Care: Mental Well-Being

Functional incontinence can take a toll on mental health more than physical aspects. Managing it effectively often involves counseling and therapy, with cognitive-behavioral therapy being particularly beneficial. By nurturing increased self-esteem and reducing anxiety and depression in the long run, we can better support those dealing with functional incontinence.

Elevating Quality of Life 

Empowering patients with coping strategies is the key to conquering functional incontinence and living comfortably. Companies are stepping up with digital solutions, incorporating real-time sensors and wearable devices that allow individuals to manage their conditions independently. Embracing technology enhances the overall quality of life for those facing this challenge.

Fostering Supportive Communities 

Creating awareness about functional incontinence requires a collective effort. Support groups play a pivotal role in this endeavor, providing a space where patients can connect with peers and share valuable insights. Social media serves as an effective tool for spreading awareness and reminding individuals that they are not alone. Empowering patients through advocacy and shared experiences boosts self-esteem and strengthens the community.

Embracing Holistic Care 

Recognizing the impact of functional incontinence on both mental and physical health, a compassionate and inclusive approach is essential. By understanding the patient’s perspective and tailoring treatment plans accordingly, we can achieve more effective and positive outcomes. Sensitive and comprehensive care paves the way for successful procedures, methods, and results in managing functional incontinence.

Trusted, Confidential Incontinence Treatment Near Nashville, TN 

Functional incontinence can bring about mental health challenges like stress, anxiety, low self-esteem, or depression. To improve the quality of life for those affected, we advocate a holistic approach encompassing awareness, education, and unwavering support. Reach out to an Incontinence Institute medical concierge who comprehends the complexities of incontinence beyond the bladder. Find solace in the expertise of our trusted physicians who will stand by your side, empowering you to overcome functional incontinence and embrace a more fulfilling life. Don’t face this journey alone – take the first step towards relief and confidence by contacting our team today. Want to learn more about treating incontinence? Visit our treatment options page.

Two common procedures, cystoscopy and ureteroscopy, are used to diagnose and treat bladder, urethra, kidney, and ureter issues. In this article, we’ll explore the similarities and differences between the two methods to help make an informed decision about your medical needs when experiencing urinary tract difficulties.

Cystoscopy 

A cystoscopy is a medical device with a long thin tube containing a light and lens for viewing. This tube is inserted into the urethra and bladder to see any anomalies. 

Rigid and flexible cystoscopes are available depending on the issue you are having. Flexible cystoscopes are generally used to spot troublesome areas. A rigid cystoscope is slightly wider and can accommodate small surgical instruments inserted into the tube for biopsies or treatment. You will be awake during a flexible cystoscopy procedure, but general anesthesia or the numbing of the lower half of your body may be applied for a rigid cystoscopy procedure.  

Common symptoms requiring a cystoscopy are blood in the urine, frequent urinary tract infections, urinating problems, and chronic pelvic pain. Common conditions diagnosed and treated with cystoscopy are:

• Bladder infections and UTIs 
• Bladder stones 
• Hematuria (blood in urine) 

The advantage of getting a cystoscopy is that it can find early signs of cancer, infections, narrowing, blockage, or bleeding in the urethra and bladder. The disadvantage is that biopsies and treatments can’t be done during a flexible cystoscope procedure if the surgeon sees an abnormality. A rigid cystoscope procedure would have to be scheduled to follow.

Ureteroscopy 

A ureteroscopy is functionally the same as a cystoscope, being equipped with a lens and a light. The difference is that the ureteroscope is longer, allowing a surgeon to insert the instrument into the urethra, through the bladder, and into the ureter leading to the kidney. When having a ureteroscopy procedure, general anesthesia is necessary.

You might need a ureteroscopy if you have the following symptoms:

• Severe pain in your back or side
• Blood in the urine
• Burning when urinating

These symptoms can be indicative of common conditions that are diagnosed and treated with a ureteroscopy, such as:

• Kidney stones 
• Ureteral strictures 
• Ureteral tumors 

The advantage of a ureteroscopy is that a doctor can see kidney stones located in the ureter and kidney and remove the stones instantaneously. The disadvantage is that the surgeon will have to place a stent in the ureter to facilitate the drainage of urine to the bladder. The surgeon will then need to remove the stent at a later date.

Similarities between Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy

Both of these procedures are done as outpatient procedures in most cases. However, if you were under general anesthesia during these processes, you’ll need someone to drive you home when you’re released.

Differences between Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy 

Because the diagnostic and treatment target areas are different for each procedure, the risks and complications will be specific to those target areas. A ureteroscopy can cause infection or injury to the ureter or kidneys, while it’s most likely the bladder and urethra will be affected by complications and risks after a cystoscopy.

Treatment Plans Following Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy 

After both a cystoscopy and a ureteroscopy, the doctor may prescribe an antibiotic to prevent infection. A cystoscopy will cause belly pain, blood in the urine, and pain when urinating for up to 48 hours. Drink several glasses of water a day to flush out the bladder and take over-the-counter pain relievers to ease the pain. 

A ureteroscopy may cause more pain which prescribed pain medication may ease. You may feel pain in your bladder and burning when you urinate. If the kidney stone the surgeon treated was large, you may have to pass stone fragments still present in the days following the procedure. Follow your doctor’s diet and medication recommendations to prevent future stone formation.

Cystoscopy and Ureteroscopy Procedures in Middle Tennessee

There are similarities and differences between cystoscopy and ureteroscopy procedures, but both are important in the early diagnosis and treatment of urological conditions. Because these procedures target different issues in the urinary tract, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice. At the Incontinence Institute, we specialize in urinary tract diagnostic and treatment options. Contact our team to find out if a cystoscopy or ureteroscopy is the right option for you.

Dura mater is one of three membranes that are woven around the length of your spine and continue up and around your skull. It is the outermost of three layers and responsible for protecting your central nervous system (CNS). During back surgeries, there is some risk of nerves getting damaged and interrupting the CNS. This means your brain may have a hard time communicating with your bowels and bladder, causing urinary incontinence. 

Back Surgery and its Effects on the Bladder

Back pain is a common medical problem that has a range of symptoms and causes. It can be the result of sudden trauma, like a car accident; occur as we age due to bone and tissue degeneration; or be a side effect of other medical conditions like arthritis. Regardless of how it started, back pain can cause debilitating discomfort.

Types of back surgery

Your doctor will do a physical exam, take x-rays, and evaluate your medical history and symptoms before determining a diagnosis. Additionally, they may suggest doing exercises, stretches, or prescribe other medical treatments like epidural injections to relieve the pain. If the pain persists, surgery may be the next viable option.

• Spinal fusion involves the use of devices such as metal plates and screws to connect two vertebrae together.  Over time they will fuse together, acting as one bone. This will intentionally limit the mobility of the vertebrae that’s causing pain when it’s in use.
• Laminectomy is the removal of vertebrae or bone spurs to relieve pressure on the nerves.
• Discectomy is the removal of the parts of the disc that are causing pain to relieve pressure on the nerves.
• Foraminotomy is where the surgeon enlarges the hole in the bone where the nerve root opening is, relieving pressure on the nerves caused by the narrowing of the spine.

Potential Bladder Issues After Spinal Surgery

As long as the neural pathways along your spine still exist, recovery is possible, but it doesn’t hurt to understand the characteristics and different types of post-surgical incontinence.

• Stress incontinence happens when pressure is put on the bladder. Symptoms might include leaking urine when you make sudden or harsh movements, sneeze, cough, or lift something heavy.
• Urge incontinence is an involuntary squeeze or spasm of the bladder that causes an immediate urge to urinate. Sometimes it’s a feeling of having to go or actual leakage may occur.
• Mixed incontinence both the feeling of an overactive bladder and stress factors may be experienced by the patient.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Post-Surgical Incontinence

Spinal surgery is related to lower urinary tract dysfunction in 38%–60% of patients. The nerves along your spinal cord may get impinged or damaged and can hinder your body’s neuronal circuit. Your neuronal circuit is essentially the network of nerves that communicate with your brain to deliver functions to the body, i.e., your bladder and urethra.

Risk factors include but are not limited to:

• Body Mass Index
• Age
• The type of surgery performed
• Overall health
• Medical history
• Management of symptoms post-surgery

Post-surgical incontinence can be a disheartening experience. It’s uncomfortable and leaves patients feeling embarrassed and vulnerable. Fortunately, there are options for relieving symptoms and regaining control. The first step is to take a quick assessment and seek professional help.

Management and Treatment Options

After consulting with a doctor and determining which type of incontinence you have, they may take additional steps to help formulate a treatment plan. This includes a urinalysis to check for infection, bladder journal to identify patterns and amount of incontinence episodes, and other urine tests to check for any obstructions.

Non-surgical approaches to manage incontinence after back surgery

• Pelvic floor exercises and physical therapy will help strengthen the muscles around your bladder.
• Lifestyle modifications such as quitting tobacco, exercising more, and avoiding liquids that have more trouble being processed by your bladder.
• Planning scheduled times to use the restroom so your bladder doesn’t get too full.
• Dietary modification such as eating a diet rich in fiber so as to prevent getting constipated and having bowels press against your bladder.

Medical interventions for incontinence

• Supplements and herbs will help fight off infection and give your body the nutrients it needs, specifically for urge and stress incontinence.
• Nerve stimulation techniques such as sacral neuromodulation involves devices that are implanted below the skin and above the muscle in your back. It delivers electric impulses to the nerves that control the muscles around the pelvic floor.

Surgical options for incontinence after back surgery

• Sling procedures treat stress incontinence by surgically connecting a sling to your abdominal wall and lifting the urethra to it’s normal position.

Post-Surgical Incontinence Relief in Middle Tennessee

At the Incontinence Institute, we understand the indignity that urinary incontinence brings to both men and women. Our mission is to help patients understand what it is, decide on a treatment plan through a variety of methods, and to be a resource for the 33 million American adults who suffer from incontinence. Contact us today to get started!

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and urge incontinence are two separate but potentially interconnected conditions. Is there a link between them? Let’s look at both and explore the possibility of one leading to the other as well as resources for patients who suffer from these conditions.

Definition, symptoms, and treatment of a UTI

UTIs are infections that occur in any part of the urinary system, which can include the urethra, bladder, ureters, or kidneys. The most common UTIs are caused by bacteria, like Escherichia coli (E. coli), which can be found in the gastrointestinal tract. When bacteria enter the urinary tract and multiply, an infection can develop, which leads to symptoms like frequent and urgent urination, burning sensation during urination, and cloudy or bloody urine. There may also be a smell, fever, and/or pain associated with a UTI. Treatment for a UTI is generally around of antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider.

Definition, symptoms, and treatment of urge incontinence

Urge incontinence, also known as overactive bladder (OAB), is a type of urinary incontinence characterized by a sudden and intense urge to urinate, often resulting in an involuntary loss of urine. People with urge incontinence may experience urinary urgency even when their bladder is not full. The first line of treatment includes lifestyle changes such as keeping a voiding dairy, dietary modifications, and avoiding bladder irritants like caffeine and smoking. Strengthening the pelvic floor can also help.

Can a UTI cause incontinence?

The link between UTIs and incontinence can be caused by several different factors. In some cases, a UTI can trigger or worsen symptoms of urge incontinence. The inflammation and irritation caused by the infection can lead to bladder spasms and increase the urgency to urinate. These spasms may cause involuntary urine leakage, resulting in urge incontinence episodes.

Chronic or recurrent UTIs can contribute to bladder dysfunction, which may present as urge incontinence. Repeated infections can damage the bladder lining, affect the nerves that control bladder function, or lead to changes in the bladder’s muscle tone. These alterations can disrupt normal bladder contractions and increase the frequency and urgency of urination, leading to urge incontinence.

Coping with the psychological effects of UTIs and urge incontinence

Urge incontinence can have an emotional and psychological impact as well. Shame and insecurity are often the results of uncontrolled loss of bladder functions. Over time, this leads to the avoidance of social interactions and possibly to depression and isolation. Also, there can be increased anxiety with incontinence that can affect an individual’s sex life. One study has shown that many women feel anxious that they may experience incontinence during sex, and try to avoid the act altogether. This can lead to psychological trauma between couples due to a lack of intimacy.

Also, it can lead to less activity, which can lead to other health complications associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Skin infections are common among those who experience frequent incontinence because of excessive moisture contact. When skin continuously comes into contact with bacteria from waste products, it can easily result in incontinence dermatitis (also known as diaper rash) and bacterial or fungal infections.

Fortunately, there are resources available. The National Association of Continence has many resources and educational material on its website. Sufferers can sign up for their newsletter or share experiences with others on their message boards. 

Find Relief at the Incontinence Institute in Middle Tennessee

While UTIs may contribute to the development or exacerbation of urge incontinence, not all cases of urge incontinence are caused by UTIs. Other factors, like age, hormonal changes, neurological conditions, certain medications, and bladder muscle abnormalities can also play a role in the development of urge incontinence.If you are experiencing symptoms of UTIs or urge incontinence, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Here at the Incontinence Institute, we can help you navigate the challenges associated with incontinence.  Contact us today for more information.

There are over 25 million Americans living with bladder incontinence. The InterStim implant is manufactured by Medtronic for patients with urinary incontinence, which is the result of a disconnect between the brain and the bladder. It provides a type of sacral neuromodulation, or sacral stimulation, therapy to help patients get that connection back.

InterStim Stage 1

Stage 1 of InterStim therapy allows for a trial period evaluation. The patient will have a wearable, external version of the InterStim device for two weeks to see how he/she responds and if the treatment will be an effective path for the patient.

The InterStim implant will be put under the buttock area skin and connected to a wire that comes out of the skin. There will be a battery that is worn on the belt. Both of these in tandem allow sacrum nerves to be stimulated and can be altered to stimulate, or quiet, the bladder. After this stage is complete, patients will have a follow-up to see if this has improved symptoms. If improvement is shown, a physician may recommend moving toward stage 2 of the procedure.

Stage 1 limitations typically include limited physical activity, no sexual activity, no heavy housework or twisting, no bending of the waist, no heavy lifting, no hard exercise, and no “sliding” of the body across beds, couches, etc. At-home care recommends keeping the dressing dry and in place, and not using the shower or bathtub. Patients are otherwise encouraged to continue their normal routine with regard to any medications taken and their existing diet.

InterStim Stage 2

Stage 2 of the InterStim procedure allows for the actual surgical treatment of the device. If Stage 1 results were positive, surgery is scheduled and the device will be implanted by the sacral nerves in the lower back area.  After surgery, a doctor will program the electrical signals in the device based on the results obtained in Stage 1.

After a couple of weeks of promising Stage 1 results, Stage 2 can be performed. It is an outpatient procedure where the pacemaker device is implanted under the skin and no wires will show outside the body. Patients are often given IV sedation during this procedure. There are two incisions made and the side that will be chosen for the implant will be determined by the side that had the best response during Stage 1..  There may be vibration, tingling, pulsing, pulling, or tapping sensations during the stimulation.  After surgery, the device is programmed and patients are given instructions on how to turn the neurostimulator on and off, change the settings, or increase/decrease the stimulation amount.

After implantation, patients undergo 5-6 weeks of restricted activity to allow for the incisions to have time to heal and to prevent the lead wire from moving out of proper positioning. After 48 hours, patients may shower. About a month following Stage 2, patients will receive an implant ID card from Medtronic.

What’s the Difference Between Stages 1 and 2?

Stage 1 of InterStim therapy sets the test period to see if the device has viability as a treatment option for the patient prior to implantation surgery, or Stage 2. Both stages offer an operating system that provides patients with the freedom to control the stimulation or the quieting of bladder signals. There is more downtime with Stage 2 because of the actual implantation of the neurostimulator under the skin, while the Stage 1 trial is limited to an external device.

Contact the Incontinence Institute

The InterStim procedure gives many patients a chance to return to normalcy which allows for a higher quality of life. If you’re experiencing urinary incontinence, and have tried other treatment options, don’t wait any longer to seek treatment. Our team of medical professionals at the Incontinence Institute in Middle Tennessee is ready to help. Contact us today to schedule an appointment and learn more about our services. Together, we can help you regain control of your body and your life.