During the procedure, a small camera at the end of a colonoscope, or long thin tube, is inserted into the rectum to identify possible ulcers, colon polyps, inflammation, bleeding, or tumors. The colonoscope is a specialized tool that not only has the ability to view the colon, but also take biopsies of tissues.

If you suffer from gastrointestinal problems, bowel leaks, or bowel incontinence, your physician may require a colonoscopy. The purpose of the colonoscopy is to identify the source of your bowel illness. It is the best way to identify current and potential risk factors, and it screens for colon cancer.

Preparation for a colonoscopy is very important. There are different types of preps that your doctor may recommend depending on the nature of your condition. Typically, you will be asked to have only certain liquids and to stay home from work or activities for a day to ensure the most comfort possible.